• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a roof tile structure consisting of a support structure for supporting at least one photovoltaic panel, the support structure comprising at least one housing block, and characterized in that the housing block comprises at least one plug connection for the electrical connection. The present invention also relates to a plug connection for electrically connecting one or more roof tile constructions, the plug connection consisting of a first rigid, conductive circuit component, which is integrated in a first roof tile construction, a second rigid, conductive circuit component, which is integrated in a second roof tile structure, and at least a third conductive circuit component, connected to a device for generating electricity, characterized in that the first rigid, conductive circuit component and the second rigid, conductive circuit component are adapted to fit together. The present invention also relates to the use of at least one plug connection in a roof tile construction.
    公开号:BE1018182A3
    申请号:E2010/0078
    申请日:2010-02-10
    公开日:2010-06-01
    发明作者:Michel Demeire
    申请人:Darvan Invest Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Roof tile construction with integrated photovoltaic element
    Field of application of the invention
    The present invention relates to the field of application of solar energy, in particular that of roof tile constructions with photovoltaic elements. The present invention also relates to a plug connection for electrically connecting roof tile structures with integrated photovoltaic elements. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Sustainable energy offers our planet the opportunity to reduce carbon emissions, purify the air and give our civilization a more sustainable basis. It also offers countries around the world the opportunity to increase their energy security and encourage economic development. The fastest growing energy technology in the world is that of photovoltaic cells (PV) connected to the electricity grid, with an annual increase in cumulative installed capacity of 50% in 2006 and 2007, to an estimated 7.7 GW. This amounts to 1.5 million households with PV solar cells on the roof that supply electricity to the electricity grid worldwide.
    The widespread use of photovoltaic systems mounted on houses, businesses and factories is generally considered a desirable goal. Several factors are believed to be critical to the acceptance of PV systems, in particular to the private homeowner. The most important factors are return, costs and aesthetics. The present invention is an important tool for supporting these developments.
    Nowadays there are various roof tile constructions with photovoltaic elements to convert solar energy into electrical power. A disadvantage of many types of photovoltaic elements is that the electrical connection between the different photovoltaic elements takes place via electrical cabling. The wires can get tangled during installation and this can cause problems with the connection. Moreover, it is not possible for the installer of roof tile constructions with electrical cabling to shorten the time he stays on the roof of a house. To identify a defect in a wiring system, it is necessary for the technician to disassemble the various cables before the repair can begin. Removing and replacing cables on roofs is difficult and hard work. An example of such a roof tile construction with photovoltaic element is given in WO 2008/052 816.
    A solution with which wires can be confused is proposed in WO 2007/079 584. WO'584 offers a modular system consisting of a roof tile construction, with or without integrated photovoltaic cells, a mounting rail system for mounting the roof tiles on a construction and a cabling system for the photovoltaic roof tile. The mounting rails are attached to the structure. A plug connection or wiring is attached to the mounting rail. When the photovoltaic cell roof tile is attached to the mounting rail, the photovoltaic cell connectors make contact with the plug connection or the wiring and the electrical connection is made.
    A disadvantage of WO 2007/079 584 is that the installation of an additional support structure for the roof tile on the existing roof structure is labor-intensive. Fitting a system of metal mounting rails takes a lot of time and is heavy work that requires extra bearing capacity of the roof construction. Moreover, due to the mounting rails, the roof tiles with photovoltaic element cannot be fully integrated with the roof part without photovoltaic elements, which is aesthetically more attractive. The costs can be reduced by integrating the photovoltaic cells in traditional roof tiles for which no additional platform or construction has to be installed on the roof.
    Another solution with which wires can become tangled is proposed in DE 296 16 015, in which a roof tile is described. The roof tile can be made of different materials and photovoltaic cells can be integrated into the roof tile. The electrical connections are built into cable ducts that form a passage for moisture and ventilation.
    Although DE 296 16 015 provides for cable ducts that serve as a diversion for moisture and ventilation, oxidation of electrical contacts is a problem that still has to be overcome. The air that flows through the cable ducts under the photovoltaic panels contains moisture. The moisture can come into contact with the electrical contacts, causing corrosion of the electrical contacts. Frost can also cause damage to the electrical connection. Moreover, since the passages for the electrical cabling are open on both sides of the roof tile, vermin can easily reach the electrical connections and the cables can cut through and destroy, causing a short circuit and possibly fire.
    In view of the aforementioned drawbacks of existing roof tiles with photovoltaic elements, it is an important object of the present invention to provide an optimized roof tile construction with photovoltaic element in terms of installation costs, maintenance and efficiency.
    A specific object of the present invention is to provide a roof tile construction in which malfunctions can be easily remedied and in which the photovoltaic cells and electrical connections can be easily exchanged without dismantling the roof. In this way the tangling of wires can be prevented, installation is simple and user-friendly and the time on the roof can be reduced.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a roof tile construction that is moisture resistant and thus prevents water from coming into contact with the electrical connections and causing corrosion and / or oxidation.
    A further object of the present invention is to provide a roof tile construction with photovoltaic element which is provided with cavities that allow natural and / or forced ventilation, while avoiding any contact between the air and the electrical connections, while the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel increases because it is cooled at the rear.
    Another goal is to offer a tile construction that can be reduced by reducing the cost of building materials. Moreover, since the roof tile constructions are an integral part of the design, they fit better into the whole and are aesthetically more attractive than other options for solar energy.
    The present invention achieves the above objectives by using a roof tile construction with photovoltaic element in accordance with the present invention.
    Summary of the invention
    The present invention relates to a roof tile structure consisting of a support structure for supporting a photovoltaic panel, the support structure comprising at least one housing block, and characterized in that the housing block contains at least one plug connection for the electrical connection.
    The present invention also relates to a plug connection for electrically connecting one or more roof tile constructions, the plug connection consisting of a first rigid, conductive circuit component, which is integrated in a first roof tile construction, a second rigid, conductive circuit component, which is integrated in a second roof tile structure, and at least a third conductive circuit component, connected to a device for generating electricity, characterized in that the first rigid, conductive circuit component and the second rigid, conductive circuit component are adapted to fit together. The present invention also relates to the use of at least one plug connection in a roof tile construction.
    Description of the invention
    The present invention relates to a roof tile structure consisting of a support structure for supporting at least one photovoltaic panel, the support structure comprising at least one housing block, and characterized in that the housing block comprises at least one plug connection for the electrical connection.
    Because at least one housing block with at least one plug connection is integrated in the support structure, the electrical connection in the roof tile or between one or more roof tiles can be established such that the electrical connection is moisture-resistant. The advantage is that the housing block protects the electrical connection against contact with ambient moisture and thus prevents water from coming into contact with the electrical connections; this prevents corrosion and / or oxidation.
    By placing the housing block lengthwise in the support structure, contact with drainage moisture and air flow is limited. In contrast to horizontal placement of the housing block, the moisture can flow down the slope of the roof.
    By means of a click system, the housing block can easily be clicked into the supporting structure, so that placing the roof tile is very simple and user-friendly. By clicking the housing block onto the support structure, the difficult wiring work, which can lead to connection errors, is avoided. The housing block with the plug connection can be removed from the support structure. Preferably, the photovoltaic panel can be removed from the roof tile without dismantling the roof. The photovoltaic panel is surrounded by a frame part that can be detached from the support structure and can be replaced by simply pulling it out of the support structure concerned, clicking a new part into the circuit and pressing the new panel into the support structure by means of a click system. The advantage of interchangeable photovoltaic panels and electrical connections is that troubleshooting becomes easier. Thanks to a removable PV panel and interchangeable plug connections, installation, removal and replacement of these components can be simplified. Moreover, the time spent on the roof for the construction of the roof is reduced.
    The support structure is preferably provided with cavities for natural and / or forced ventilation. These cavities promote the flow of air directly under the photovoltaic panels, so that the photovoltaic panels are cooled and their efficiency is less affected by temperature rises. If one wishes to use a heat pump for heating the house, through an opening in the supporting structure at the upper roof tile, the warmer air coming from the cooling of the photovoltaic panels can be used to increase the heat pump's performance coefficient (COP) by 10% or more.
    Brief description of the drawings FIG 1 is a schematic representation of a part of the roof with two rows of roof tiles with photovoltaic elements.
    FIG 2 is a schematic representation of a roof tile construction with a photovoltaic element consisting of a support structure for supporting a frame part with a photovoltaic panel therein.
    FIG 3 is a schematic representation of a cross section of a roof covered with roof tiles with photovoltaic element.
    FIG 4 is a schematic representation of a support structure.
    FIG 5 is a schematic representation of the first housing block.
    FIG 6 is a schematic representation of the second housing block.
    FIG 7 (a) and FIG 7 (b) are a schematic representation of the first plug connection.
    FIG 8 is a schematic representation of the second plug connection.
    FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the connecting element.
    FIG 10 is a schematic representation of the rear side of the frame part of the roof tile construction with photovoltaic element.
    FIG 11 is a schematic representation of the first and second frame members, designed for enclosing a photovoltaic panel.
    FIG 12 is a cross-sectional schematic representation of a roof tile structure consisting of a frame member enclosing a photovoltaic panel and illustrating the click system.
    FIG 13 is a schematic representation of a plug connection with connection elements and a diode.
    FIG. 14 is a schematic representation of a cross section of a roof tile structure, with a frame member supporting a photovoltaic panel.
    FIG 15 is a schematic representation of a support structure with two installed housing blocks.
    FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a roof tile structure, with a frame member supporting a photovoltaic panel.
    FIG 17 is a schematic representation of the rear side of the support structure.
    FIG. 18 is a schematic representation of a single circuit of plug connections in the roof tiles with photovoltaic element.
    FIG 19 is a schematic representation of a double circuit of plug connections in the roof tiles with photovoltaic element.
    FIG. 20 is a schematic representation of a double circuit of plug connections on a roof.
    FIG. 21 is a schematic representation of the first housing block for a dual circuit.
    FIG 22 is a schematic representation of the second housing block for a dual circuit.
    FIG 23 is a schematic representation of a plug connection with connection elements and a diode.
    FIG 24 is a schematic representation of a support structure and a closure panel.
    Description of a preferred embodiment
    According to the present invention, a roof tile structure is proposed for conversion of light into electricity according to the photoelectric principle, wherein the roof tile comprises a supporting structure for supporting at least one photovoltaic panel, and wherein the supporting structure comprises at least one housing block, characterized in that the housing block contains at least one plug connection for the electrical connection. Fig. 1 shows a part of the roof with two rows of roof tiles with photovoltaic element 1 on it.
    As Fig. 2 shows, the roof tile with photovoltaic element 1 comprises a support structure 2 for supporting a frame part 3 with the photovoltaic panel 4 therein.
    As Fig. 3 shows, the support structure 2 of a roof tile structure 1 has conventional, bent edges 5, which engage with the roof structure 6. The support structure 2 further comprises a downwardly bent first side edge 7 and an upwardly curved second side edge 8, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, Each of these side edges 7 and 8 is generally U-shaped. According to Figure 4, a recess 9 with notches 10 is located approximately in the middle of the support structure 2. Furthermore, the support structure 2 comprises a first row 11 and a second row 12 with cavities forming two channels between the top 13 and the bottom 14 of the supporting structure 2.
    The support structure 2 further comprises a first housing block 15, which is illustrated in Figure 5. The first housing block comprises an elongated cavity 16 and two clamps 17. The second housing block 18, which is illustrated in Fig. 6, comprises an elongated cavity 101 and two clamps 19.
    As Figs. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show, a first plug connection 20 is a first rigid, conductive circuit component with a fork 21 on one side and a fork 22 on the other. A second plug connection 23, illustrated in Figure 8, is a second rigid, conductive circuit component that includes a fork 24 at one end and a bend 25 at the other end 26.
    As Figure 9 shows in detail, a connection element 27 is presented and as shown in Figure 10, two connection elements 27 are mounted on the conductive strip (not shown in the figure) on the rear of the photovoltaic panel 4, one on the positive and one on the negative pole. Preferably, a diode 28 is attached to the rear of the frame member 3, which supports the photovoltaic panel, and is connected between the two terminal elements 27.
    As Figure 11 shows, the photovoltaic panel is enclosed between two parts 3a and 3b of the frame part 3. Part 3b of the frame part 3 contains clamps 29 for fixing the frame part 3 in the supporting structure 2 by means of a click system, which is detailed shown in Figure 12 and Figure 14.
    The plug connections 20 and 23 and the connecting elements 27 are preferably made of conductive materials, such as (stainless) steel, aluminum, composite materials, materials that are preferably provided with a conductive coating and the like. Preferably, the conductive material has a resistivity that is lower than 10.0.10'7Ωπί. It is even more preferable if the resistivity is lower than 7.5.10'7 Dm and even more preferable is a resistance that is lower than 7.3.10'7 Ω. Preferably, stainless spring steel is used with a tensile strength of at least 1500 N / mm 2. The stainless spring steel ensures a certain spring force when the plug connections 20 and 23 have to be connected to each other or when they have to be connected to the connecting elements 27 which are attached to the photovoltaic panel 4. The tensile strength of the stainless spring steel is also at least 1500 N / mm 2, so that force is required to disconnect the plug connections 20 and 23 and / or the connecting elements 27 once they have been connected. By means of a coating, oxidation and / or corrosion of the material is reduced, while the surface resistance between the various elements can also be reduced.
    In a preferred embodiment the first and second plug connection 20 and 23 are connected to each other, as illustrated in figure 13. The first plug connection 20 is connected via the forks 22 to a connecting element 27. The fork 24 of the second plug connection 23 makes contact with another connecting element 27. Preferably the connecting elements 27 are connected to the first (15) and second (18) housing block via a plug connection, as a result of which the length of the part of the connecting elements 27 that falls into the housing blocks 15 or 18 is dimensioned such that movement of the connecting elements 27 in the openings of the housing blocks 15 and 18 is kept to a minimum.
    In another preferred embodiment, the first plug connection 20 can preferably be designed such that the conductive element can move. An elastic, flexible zone 201 allows movement of the plug connection 20 in the housing block 15 as a result of expansion and contraction of the support structure 2 due to changing weather conditions, as shown in Figure 7 (b).
    The connecting elements 27 make physical contact with the conductive strip at the rear of the photovoltaic panel 4 (not shown in the figure). This series of electrical connection components, the plug connection 50, can be repeatedly installed in different roof tiles with photovoltaic elements 1 to make a concatenation for conducting the electricity. The plug connection preferably comprises a diode 28. The diode 28 is included in the circuit as a by-pass for the photovoltaic panel 4 in the event of a malfunction.
    In a preferred embodiment the first plug connection 20 is integrated in the first housing block 15, see also figure 5. The second housing block 18 contains the second plug connection 23, as illustrated in figure 6. Inclusion of the first and second plug connection 20 and 23 respectively in the first and second housing blocks 15 and 18 offer the advantage that the plug connections 20 and 23 are protected against moisture. Therefore, no oxidation and / or corrosion of the metal electrical connections is possible. In a more preferred embodiment, the plug connections 20 and 23 can be coated. In a more preferred embodiment, the recesses 16 and 101 of the respective housing blocks 15 and 18, where the plug connections 20 and 23 make contact with the connecting elements 27 of the photovoltaic panel 4, can be additionally sealed with, for example, but not exclusively, non-conductive grease silicone based or silicone. Additional sealing can also be achieved by applying an O-ring or by 2K injection molding of the elements. The additional seal prevents the electrical connections from coming into contact with moisture. In a preferred embodiment, the various elements of the roof tile construction, i.e. the support structure 2 and the housing blocks 15 and 18, can be made of watertight material.
    The photovoltaic panel 4 is mounted in the frame part 3 and sealed so that it is moisture-resistant. Preferably, the seal is achieved using, but not limited to, silicone-based adhesive. As illustrated in Fig. 12 and Fig. 14, the mounting of the frame part 3 with the photovoltaic panel 4 in the support structure 2 of the roof tile construction 1 is effected by means of the clamps 29 of the frame part 3, with the aid of a snap system.
    As illustrated in Figure 15, two plug connections 20 and 23 in the housing blocks 15 and 18 are secured in the support structure 2 to receive the connection elements 27 from the photovoltaic panel 4 in the frame part 3 (not shown in the figure) of the roof tile with photovoltaic element 1. Preferably, the housing blocks 15 and 18 can be removed from the supporting structure 2. The first housing block 15 is clicked into the recess 9 of the support structure 2. The clamps 17 of the first housing block 15 are secured in the notches 10 of the central recess 9 by means of a snap mechanism. The second housing block 18 is snapped onto the other end of the recess 9 in the support structure 2. The clamps 19 of the second housing block 18 are snapped into the notches 10 of the central recess 9 and the second housing block 18 is then moved to the following notches 10 pushed. As illustrated in Figure 16, the fork 22 of the first plug connection and the fork 24 of the second plug connection 23 are now oriented so that they can receive the connection elements 27 that are attached to the conductive strip on the back of the photovoltaic panel 4 (not shown in the figure). The connecting elements 27 are preferably connected to the first (15) and the second (18) housing block by means of a plug connection, as a result of which the length of the part of the connecting elements 27 received by the housing blocks 15 or 18 is dimensioned such that the movement of the connecting elements 27 in the openings of the housing blocks 15 and 18 is minimized. The supporting structure 2 is designed such that shrinking and expansion as a result of changing weather conditions are possible. The first plug connection 20 and the second plug connection 23 are mounted in their respective housing blocks. The supporting structure 2 moves in the longitudinal direction around the plug connections. However, the movement of the different circuit parts is limited to a minimum, so that the play and therefore the friction of the different elements is reduced. By reducing the friction between the different circuit parts, wear of the conductive material is also reduced.
    In another embodiment of the invention, the first plug connection 20 can preferably be designed such that the conductive element can move. An elastic, flexible zone 201 allows movement of the plug connection 20 in the housing block 15 as a result of expansion and contraction of the support structure 2 due to changing weather conditions, as shown in Figure 7 (b). The restriction that defines the flexible, elastic zone 201 is designed such that the conductivity of the circuit portion is not affected.
    The supporting structure 2 of the roof tile structure 1 serves as a support for the frame part 3, which is mounted on the upper side of the supporting structure 2, as illustrated in figure 2. When the frame part 3 with the photovoltaic panel 4 is now pressed onto the supporting structure 2, click the clamps 29 of the frame part 3 in the supporting structure 2, whereby it is ensured that the roof tile with photovoltaic element 1 is resistant to changing weather conditions, for example a strong wind or changing temperatures. In a preferred embodiment, the clamps 29 break when the frame part 3 is detached from the support structure 2. In this way it is not possible to reinstall a defective photovoltaic panel 4.
    Furthermore, the forks 22 and 24 of the first and second plug connections 20 and 23 are resilient enough to receive the connecting elements 27. Preferably, stainless spring steel with a tensile strength of at least 1500 N / mm 2 is used. Therefore, some force is required to secure the frame member 3 in the support structure 2. This enables a strong connection between the electrical connection elements in the roof tile construction 1.
    An advantage of the use of plug-in connections for connecting the many roof tiles is that connection terminals on the rear of the support structure 2 no longer have to be connected by means of electrical cabling. Wiring is very difficult work, and outgoing cables from the many roof tiles with photovoltaic elements get confused and cause connection errors. By placing roof tiles in which plug-in connections are integrated in housing blocks, the different assemblies are connected by simply clicking the housing blocks into the roof tiles and then clicking the input of a roof tile into the output of an underlying roof tile.
    Moreover, troubleshooting is simpler and safer by using removable housing blocks in which the plug connections for connecting roof tiles with photovoltaic elements are integrated. Disassembly of the roof tile construction is no longer necessary. The removable frame part with the photovoltaic panel is clicked off and the removable housing blocks can be removed, tested and / or replaced separately from the support structure. Placing, removing and replacing the frame part with the photovoltaic panel or the different housing blocks with the integrated plug connections are simple and user-friendly tasks. Moreover, by reducing the time the technician spends on the roof, the operation becomes much safer and labor costs can be reduced.
    The roof tiles can overlap so that the roof tile is secured against lifting and water can flow down over a roof tile. The supporting structure 2 of a roof tile construction with photovoltaic element 1 has conventional, bent edges 7 and 8 to ensure watertightness and interlocking of adjacent roof tiles with photovoltaic element, as illustrated in figures 2 and 4. Other conventional or unconventional edges that are interconnected grabbing can also be used. In particular, the bearing structure 2 has profiles 5 which engage in the roof structure 6 and which fix the roof tile vertically to the roof, as illustrated in figure 3. A more preferred embodiment of a roof tile construction comprises clamps which engage on the lower roof to prevent the roof from being blown away roof tile.
    Different rows of roof tiles with photovoltaic element are laid on the roof, as illustrated in figure 1. Adjoining roof tiles are electrically connected by fixing the second housing block 18 with the fork 26 of the second plug connection 23 in the support structure 2 of the roof tile with photovoltaic element 1. clicks into the first housing block 15 with the fork 21 of the first plug connection 20 of the roof tile which is placed above the roof tile with photovoltaic element 1. By placing the roof tiles from the gutter upwards to the ridge of the roof, this operation is repeated several times and different rows of roof tiles 1 can be easily connected.
    The housing blocks 15 and 18 are preferably placed longitudinally in the supporting structure 2, contact with drainage moisture and air flow is limited. In contrast to horizontal placement of the housing block, the moisture can flow down the slope of the roof.
    In a preferred embodiment, the water resistance of the housing blocks 15 and 18 is provided by an additional sealing component. Preferably, this sealing component consists of, but is not limited to, non-conductive silicone-based grease or silicone. By pressing the first and second housing blocks 15 and 18 together, the silicone-based grease forms or the silicone forms an additional seal at the end of the housing blocks 15 and 18 within the housing blocks 15 and 18 and at the connection side of the first and second housing blocks 15 and 18. By using the additional sealing component, moisture cannot penetrate under any circumstances into the housing blocks on the side where one housing block is connected to the other. The connection of the connecting parts is preferably made by means of 2K injection molding, whereby the watertightness increases. An additional O-ring can also be used as an additional sealing method.
    A preferred roof tile construction according to the invention comprises the bearing structure 2, the housing blocks 15 and 18 and the frame part 3, preferably made of plastic. It is even more preferable to manufacture the supporting structure 2, the housing blocks 15 and 18 and the frame part 3 partly from reusable plastic. The advantage of using reusable material, for example plastic, is that 40% waste can be used, which means that the production costs of a roof tile can be kept under control. Furthermore, after the photovoltaic element roof tile has been used during the predetermined lifetime, the PV panel, the supporting structure and the housing block can be easily arranged and separated, whereby excellent recycling properties can be obtained. The material used is preferably UV-resistant, shock-resistant and resistant to extreme temperature changes.
    Preferably, as illustrated in Fig. 17, the rear side of the support structure 2 is provided with different recesses 30, so that even less material has to be used and the strength of the structure is nevertheless kept optimal. Moreover, the weight of the roof construction is reduced, which is safer. Because the weight of the roof tiles is reduced, the transport costs are also reduced. The parts are 2K injection-molded, so that material is obtained that is very strong, rigid and yet lightweight, so that the roof tiles can be used as a finishing layer of the roof. Co-injection or similar techniques can also be used. The color of the plastic can be adjusted to the user's preference. The material also makes better sound and heat insulation possible. Use of this material ensures accuracy down to the millimeter during production, lightweight roof tiles that can be positioned accurately and easily and connection of the roof tiles. In addition, the plastic is resistant to moss and other vegetation. By manufacturing the housing blocks of such plastic, it is prevented that vermin can get to the electrical connections and the cables can bite and destroy, which can lead to a short circuit and possibly to a fire.
    The support structure 2 is preferably provided with a first and second cavity 11 and 12, which form two channels between the top 13 and the bottom 14 of the support structure 2, as illustrated in Figure 4. The cavities 11 and 12 allow natural ventilation. Outside air can flow under the photovoltaic panels to help cool them and increase the energy generation efficiency of the panels. The channels allow air flow into the space between the support structure 2 and the photovoltaic panel 4 in the frame part 3. The air flow cools the rear side of the photovoltaic panel 4, whereby the efficiency of the panel 4 is retained. The air then flows through the channels in the direction of the overhead tile with photovoltaic element. These cavities promote the flow of air directly under the photovoltaic panels, so that the photovoltaic panels are cooled and their efficiency is less affected by temperature rises. If one wishes to use a heat pump for heating the house, through an opening in the supporting structure at the upper roof tile, the warmer air coming from the cooling of the photovoltaic panels can be used to increase the heat pump's performance coefficient (COP) by 10% or more.
    The roof tile 1 is preferably secured to the roof by means of a clamp on the lower roof.
    In a preferred embodiment, different rows, for example 20, roof tiles with photovoltaic element are electrically connected to each other on the roof. A series connection is formed in this way. To connect the electrical circuit between the adjacent rows of roof tiles with photovoltaic element, only one wire is needed to connect the roof tile at the top of the row to the roof tile at the bottom of the adjacent row and to direct the current in all roof tiles with photovoltaic element in the same direction , as illustrated in Figure 18. Wrapping wires is therefore impossible.
    In another preferred embodiment, and as illustrated in Figure 19 and more in detail in Figures 20 to 23, a roof tile structure is proposed in which the housing block contains at least two plug connections for the electrical connection. The additional set of plug connections in the housing block replaces the function of a cable and therefore forms an integrated connector. In a row of roof tiles with a photovoltaic element, the electrical charges flow through the connected plug connections from the bottom of the row of roof tiles with a photovoltaic element to the top of the row. By placing a connecting element, for example a bridge, at the top of the row to connect the pairs of plug connections, the electrical charges can be conducted further in the same top row of roof tiles and the electrical circuit can therefore be closed. An advantage of the present embodiment is that, since the additional set of plug connections can be integrated into the roof tile and replace the cable, no wires are required on the roof, nor in the roof tile construction 1, and the entanglement of wires is completely excluded.
    Another embodiment according to the invention, which is illustrated in Figure 24, provides a roof tile structure 1 comprising a support structure 2 and a closing panel 31 mounted on the support structure to close the assembly. The closing panel 31 is a panel that is clicked into the supporting structure 2 by means of a click system with clamps 32. The closing panel 31 is preferably made of waterproof plastic and is adapted to the supporting construction 2. The roof tiles provided with the closing panel 31 are preferably placed on the north side of the roof. In this way the entire roof can be covered with the same type of roof tiles, with or without photovoltaic panels, and the roof is aesthetically more attractive. Another advantage of the present invention is that the roof with photovoltaic elements can be built up incrementally. If the budget for photovoltaic panels is not immediately available, the supporting structure 2 is placed on the roof and closed with the closing panel 31. When the budget for photovoltaic panels is available, the closing panel 31 is removed and replaced by a frame part 3 with a photovoltaic panel 4. Additional costs for roof tiles that become unusable when they are replaced by roof tiles with integrated photovoltaic panels are therefore avoided. This can be done for both new buildings and buildings to be renovated.
    Another embodiment of the present invention is a composition of a plurality of roof tiles that extends over the width and / or length of a plurality of conventional roof tiles. The roof tile construction is electrically connected to a circuit by means of at least one plug connection.
    The photovoltaic panels 4 of the roof tiles 1 can be made movable in the frame parts 3, whereby the photovoltaic panels 4 can be moved to receive an optimum amount of sunlight; the efficiency of the panels is thereby increased. It is even more preferable if the photovoltaic photovoltaic panel 4 is covered with a sheet of plastic or glass that bundles the light, for example in accordance with the Fresnel principle. Another way to increase the efficiency of the roof tile is to mount reflectors on the supporting structure, so that the amount of collected sunlight is reflected and increased.
    A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the examples described above are merely illustrative of the present invention and that they do not limit the intended scope of the invention. Other applications of the present invention can also be considered.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Number of roof tile constructions according to claims 1 to 10, which are electrically connected by means of a plug connection (50) for electrically connecting one or more roof tile constructions (1), the plug connection consisting of the following components: - a first rigid conductive circuit component (20) integrated in a first roof tile structure (1); - a second rigid, conductive circuit component (23), which is integrated in a second roof tile structure; and - at least a third conductive circuit component (27) connected to an electricity generating device, characterized in that the first rigid, conductive circuit component (20) and the second rigid, conductive circuit component (23) are adapted to fit into each other to fit. The number of roof tile constructions according to claims 1 to 10, which are electrically connected by means of a plug connection (50) as defined in claim 11, wherein at least one of the first (20) and / or second rigid, conductive circuit components are enclosed is by a housing block (15; 18), characterized in that the housing block (15; 18) is designed so that it can receive a third conductive circuit component (27) by means of a plug connection. The number of roof tile constructions according to claims 1 to 10, which are electrically connected by means of a tick connection (50) according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the circuit components (20; 23; 27) is elastically and flexibly inserted so that movement is possible. Number of roof tile constructions according to claims 1 to sn 10, which are electrically connected by means of an itek connection (50) according to claim 11, and which contain an additional conductive circuit component 28. Use of a number of roof tile constructions according to claims 1 to 10, which are electrically connected by means of at least one plug connection (50) as defined in claims 11 to 14 in a roof tile structure (1) according to: exclusion 1 up to and including 10.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2216829A1|2010-08-11|
    WO2010092052A3|2010-12-23|
    WO2010092052A2|2010-08-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE4438858A1|1994-11-03|1996-05-09|Dorothea Bergermann|Solar roof system|
    DE29616015U1|1996-09-16|1997-12-11|Titze Michael Dipl Ing Fh|Solar Dachstein|
    DE29915648U1|1999-09-06|1999-12-16|Warschatka Andreas|Modular solar brick|
    DE202004009677U1|2004-06-14|2004-11-04|Hoseit, Winrich, Dr.|Photovoltaic system for roof integration has photovoltaic elements with shape and size of conventional roof tile in common with substrate and cover, current drain current connector on rear|
    US8196360B2|2006-01-12|2012-06-12|Msr Innovations Inc.|Photovoltaic solar roof tile assembly system|
    EP2087528A1|2006-11-02|2009-08-12|Mind S.r.L.|Modular photovoltaic element for building roofs|FR2964730A1|2010-09-09|2012-03-16|Dsi|Solar photovoltaic panel for e.g. facade, has base and frame that are constituted of synthesis plastic materials, and flexible film extended on receiving part belonging to base, where base and frame are integrated by welding|
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    EP2689467A2|2011-03-22|2014-01-29|Dow Global Technologies LLC|Improved photovoltaic sheathing element with one or more tabs|
    US9130091B2|2011-03-22|2015-09-08|Dow Global Technologies Llc|Photovoltaic building sheathing element with anti-slide features|
    DE102011104303A1|2011-06-03|2012-12-06|Basf Se|Photovoltaic system for installation on roofs with plastic substrate and photovoltaic module|
    DE102011077229A1|2011-06-08|2012-12-13|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Solar cell roof system with a plurality of solar modules|
    US10483907B2|2015-05-26|2019-11-19|Arcelormittal|Electrical connection device for a photovoltaic system|
    MX2017015054A|2015-05-26|2018-05-17|Arcelormittal|Electrical connection device for a photovoltaic system.|
    US10778139B2|2016-10-27|2020-09-15|Tesla, Inc.|Building integrated photovoltaic system with glass photovoltaic tiles|
    WO2018100411A1|2016-11-30|2018-06-07|Arcelormittal|Electrical connection device for a photovoltaic system|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP09001877A|EP2216829A1|2009-02-10|2009-02-10|Solar roof tile assembly|
    EP09001877|2009-02-10|
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